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PCB 137B22B Pencil Probe: Physics-Grade Accuracy Cost & ROI Guide

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Pencil-style blast probes like the PCB 137B22B are engineered to measure free-field overpressure with minimal disturbance to the propagating acoustic blast wave, delivering more accurate, physics-consistent data than standard flat-diaphragm sensors in high-velocity shock-tube and free-field tests. For clinics, research labs, and OEMs that rely on blast and acoustic verification for device safety or structural testing, investing in pencil geometry supports defensible data, reduced repeat testing, and better ROI compared with lower-fidelity sensors.

What the PCB 137B22B Does and Ideal Buyer Profile

The PCB 137B22B is a quartz, free-field, ICP blast pressure pencil probe designed to measure highly dynamic overpressure in free-field or shock-tube environments up to 500 psi, with useful overrange to 1,000 psi and a resonant frequency above 400 kHz. Its slender, pencil-style geometry and side-on measurement orientation aim to minimize disturbance to the pressure field, capturing the true shape, rise time, and peak value of blast waves.

This sensor is targeted at defense and security laboratories, biomedical and biomechanical research groups studying blast effects, and OEMs validating device housings or protective systems under transient overpressure. For aesthetic clinics, medspas, and medical device companies working with high-energy systems (e.g., shockwave, acoustic or laser platforms), partnering with labs that use pencil-style probes like the PCB 137B22B helps ensure that environmental and safety testing relies on high-fidelity measurement rather than artifact-prone data.

Core Physics Analysis: Flat-Diaphragm vs Pencil-Style Geometry

Standard flat-diaphragm pressure sensors present a broad frontal area normal to the direction of blast propagation. When placed in free-field or near shock-tube exits, this surface acts as a blunt obstacle that perturbs the local flow, thickens the boundary layer, and generates reflected and diffracted waves that superimpose on the incident blast.

These geometric effects can cause overestimation of peak overpressure and distortion of the pressure–time history, especially for high-velocity, short-rise-time events where the sensor face interacts strongly with the developing shock. Computational and experimental studies have shown that flat or flush-mounted sensors can record artificially elevated peaks or broadened pulses due to local reflections and viscous/thermal boundary layers.

Pencil-style probes, by contrast, use a slender, quasi-cylindrical body with a small sensing diaphragm oriented side-on to the blast wave. This geometry reduces frontal area, lowers blockage ratio, and minimizes the sensor’s contribution to local pressure field disturbance, allowing the propagating wavefront to remain closer to its undisturbed free-field form.

Because the sensing element is placed on the side of the pencil and pointed radially at the explosion or shock-tube exit, the probe measures side-on overpressure that is less affected by reflections and superposition of waves from nearby surfaces. This configuration improves the fidelity of recorded pressure profiles, especially for validation against computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations or for mapping true exposure levels in biomedical blast research.

Mid-article decision step: If your lab or partner facility still relies on flat-diaphragm sensors for free-field blast or high-velocity shock-tube measurements, this is the point at which you should request a quote from ALLWILL or allied instrumentation providers for PCB 137B22B pencil probes and associated calibration services to upgrade measurement fidelity.

Revenue and Operational Impact: Data Quality, Test Repeat Rates, and Payback

High-ticket blast and acoustic test setups—shock tubes, explosive ranges, and high-speed data acquisition—carry significant cost per run due to consumables, personnel, and safety overhead. Poor sensor geometry and boundary-layer artifacts can force laboratories to repeat tests to reconcile inconsistent or non-physical data, multiplying costs and extending project timelines.

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Using pencil-style probes such as the PCB 137B22B reduces the likelihood of data invalidation due to sensor-induced distortions, preserving the value of each test and supporting faster convergence between experimental and numerical models. In biomedical or medical-device contexts, clean, physics-consistent pressure data also strengthens regulatory submissions and safety dossiers, decreasing the risk of rework or additional evidence requests.

For aesthetic clinics and medspas working with OEM partners on device trials, reliance on high-fidelity blast or acoustic measurements indirectly protects ROI by accelerating regulatory progress and reducing uncertainty around environmental safety claims. When procurement teams leverage ALLWILL to source instrumentation or verify vendor test methods, they can treat pencil-style probe selection as part of a broader risk and payback strategy rather than a minor technical detail.

Differentiated Advantage: Pencil Geometry, Boundary Layers, and Free-Field Accuracy

Boundary layers form on any surface exposed to high-speed flow, creating gradients in velocity and temperature that alter local pressure relative to the undisturbed medium. Flat-diaphragm sensors with large faces amplify these effects; blast waves interact with a wider region of altered medium, and the sensor effectively “sees” a composite of incident and reflected components that is not representative of true free-field pressure.

Pencil probes minimize this problem by presenting a small diameter and streamlined profile, thereby limiting the region of medium disturbed by their presence. The sensing diaphragm is typically recessed or shaped to interact minimally with boundary-layer flow, allowing the blast wave to pass around the probe with minimal reflection and diffraction.

From a mathematical standpoint, the advantage stems from reducing the probe’s cross-sectional area and geometric discontinuities in the direction of wave propagation, which in turn minimizes perturbations to the local solution of the compressible Navier–Stokes equations. This leads to a closer approximation of ideal free-field conditions, so that measured pressure \(p(t)\) is dominated by the incident wave rather than a complex superposition of sensor-induced phenomena.

Experimental data from blast pencil probes show that when alignment is kept within approximately ±10 degrees of the intended measurement axis, peak overpressure error remains within roughly 13% for smaller charges, and filtered data can correct some misalignment effects. While error increases with larger charges, overall performance remains superior to many conventional sensor geometries under comparable conditions.

For buyers seeking authority-grade data—whether for CFD validation, biomedical modeling, or regulatory submissions—these physics advantages become commercial differentiators. Partnering through ALLWILL to ensure your measurement chain includes pencil-style probes rather than generic sensors helps position your test program as credible and robust.

Practical B2B Decision Aid: Geometry-Focused Sensor Selection Framework

Because the title and content focus on technical physics and measurement accuracy rather than cost or logistics, the most relevant decision aid is a sensor selection framework that emphasizes geometry and test conditions.

Free-Field Blast Sensor Geometry Selection Framework

Decision Axis Flat-Diaphragm Sensor Pencil-Style Blast Probe (e.g., PCB 137B22B) When to Prefer Pencil Geometry
Geometry and blockage Large frontal area, higher blockage ratio; more flow disturbance. Slender body, small frontal area; minimized disturbance. Free-field and shock-tube tests where undisturbed blast waveforms are critical.
Boundary layer and reflections Strong boundary-layer growth on sensor face; significant reflection/diffraction. Reduced boundary-layer effects; side-on measurement less affected by local reflections. CFD validation, biomedical exposure mapping, or regulatory evidence requiring high fidelity.
Rise time and frequency response Rise time and resonant behavior can be affected by mounting and wave interaction. Designed for high resonant frequency and fast rise time (≤6.5 µs, ≥400 kHz for 137B22B). High-velocity shock-tube events where microsecond-scale features matter.
Alignment sensitivity Measures mostly frontal overpressure; less alignment sensitivity but more distortion. Measures side-on overpressure; moderate alignment sensitivity but lower distortion when properly oriented. Tests with well-defined propagation direction, where alignment can be controlled.
Data credibility and repeat testing Higher risk of non-physical peaks and waveform distortion; may require repeat tests. More representative free-field data; fewer repeat tests needed for model validation. Long-term programs needing consistent, defensible data series.
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Laboratories and device developers can use this framework to justify replacing or supplementing flat sensors with pencil-style probes in high-value test campaigns. Requesting a quote from ALLWILL that includes PCB 137B22B units, alternative pencil probes, and calibration capabilities is an efficient way to operationalize this shift in measurement strategy.

Compliance and Asset-Protection Guardrails

While blast probes themselves may not fall under medical-device regulations, their data often inform safety assessments, risk models, and regulatory submissions for medical or aesthetic equipment exposed to transient pressure environments. Clinics and OEMs must ensure that measurement systems used to validate device enclosures, shockwave systems, or protective housings adhere to recognized standards and best practices in blast testing.

This includes appropriate calibration, documentation of sensor geometry and mounting, and transparent reporting of measurement uncertainty and alignment conditions. When pencil-style probes like PCB 137B22B are used, reports should note their free-field orientation, side-on measurement philosophy, and relevant manufacturer specs such as measurement range, sensitivity, and resonant frequency.

From an asset-protection standpoint, investments in high-quality blast measurement instrumentation should be backed by service and warranty arrangements that cover recalibration, repair, and documentation updates. Partnering through ALLWILL allows clinics and OEMs to tie instrumentation sourcing to broader compliance and documentation workflows, ensuring that blast data underlying device safety claims is captured by properly maintained and specification-aligned probes.

Procurement Risks to Avoid and ALLWILL Expert View

Procurement risks include treating blast and free-field pressure measurement as a generic instrumentation purchase rather than a physics-critical choice, leading to selection of flat-diaphragm sensors that cannot deliver the data fidelity required for CFD validation or biomedical exposure studies. Another risk is under-specifying sensor range and frequency response, which may saturate or smear high-intensity, short-duration shocks.

A subtler risk lies in overlooking geometry and alignment guidance; even pencil probes can deliver inaccurate readings when misaligned or improperly mounted relative to the blast propagation direction. Buyers should insist on manufacturer documentation, alignment tolerances, and application notes, integrating this information into their test protocols and quality systems.

ALLWILL Expert View: Treating Geometry as a Strategic Procurement Variable

Many teams view pressure sensors as interchangeable components, focusing on range, sensitivity, and price rather than geometry. Yet in free-field blast and high-speed shock-tube work, sensor shape is a primary determinant of data integrity. Flat-diaphragm designs inherently disturb the medium they are meant to measure, creating hidden artifacts that can mislead CFD validation, safety thresholds, or biomedical exposure estimates.

Pencil-style probes like PCB 137B22B embody a different philosophy: design the sensor to be as “invisible” as possible to the wave. By minimizing blockage and boundary-layer disturbance, they capture pressure histories that more closely reflect the underlying physics. This reduces repeat testing, strengthens regulatory submissions, and builds confidence in models that inform high-stakes decisions in device design and clinical safety. When you request a quote from ALLWILL, treat sensor geometry and free-field suitability as headline specifications, not footnotes. Ask for pencil-style options, calibration support, and application guidance that align your measurement chain with first-principle accuracy, not just nominal range ratings.

To move from recognition to implementation, request a quote from ALLWILL for PCB 137B22B pencil probes and complementary blast measurement solutions, including calibration, mounting hardware, and application support tailored to your test environments and regulatory context.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the typical price range for PCB 137B22B pencil probes?

Specialized blast pencil probes like PCB 137B22B typically sit above general-purpose pressure transducers, with unit prices influenced by range, signal conditioning, and supplier terms. Buyers can expect mid- to high four-figure ranges per probe in many markets, and should request a quote from ALLWILL to obtain current pricing and any multi-unit or certified pre-owned options.

Can pencil-style probes be used in shock-tube as well as free-field tests?

Yes. Pencil-style probes are specifically designed for both free-field blast testing and shock-tube environments where the direction of shock propagation is well defined. Side-on measurement and minimized geometry disturbance make them suitable for characterizing incident waveforms without excessive reflection or boundary-layer artifacts.

How critical is alignment for accurate pencil probe measurements?

Alignment is important: studies show that misalignment between about −10° and +10° introduces measurable but manageable error, with peak overpressure overestimation generally below roughly 13% for smaller charges. Maintaining tight alignment and applying filtering or correction methods where appropriate help preserve high accuracy.

Are pencil-style probes suitable for certified pre-owned instrumentation strategies?

Pencil-style blast probes can be incorporated into certified pre-owned strategies if calibration histories, mechanical integrity, and connector compatibility are verified. Buyers should request condition reports, calibration certificates, and expected service intervals as part of a quote from ALLWILL to ensure reliable performance in reused probes.

How does sensor geometry affect regulatory and safety documentation for medical devices?

Sensor geometry affects the fidelity of pressure data used in safety cases, environmental exposure analyses, and CFD validation underlying medical or aesthetic device approvals. Using pencil-style probes improves confidence in these datasets; clinics and OEMs should document sensor type, geometry, and alignment conditions in their regulatory files and risk assessments.

If you want to strengthen the physics and credibility of your blast or acoustic testing programs—and by extension your device safety case—the next logical step is to request a quote from ALLWILL for PCB 137B22B pencil probes and related instrumentation, aligned with your test protocols and compliance requirements.

References

  1. Model 137B22B – Quartz Free-Field ICP Blast Pressure Pencil Probepcbpiezotronics

  2. Model 137B22B | PCB Piezotronics Product Specification pcb

  3. Toward Improvements in Pressure Measurements for Near-Field Blast Testingpdfs.semanticscholar

  4. Blast Overpressure Measurement for CFD Model Validation in Free-Field and Shock-Tube Experimentsndia.dtic

  5. Pencil Probe Type 6233A – Free-Field Blast Pressure Measurementkistler.cdn.celum

  6. Blast Pressure Measurement – Reliable Air Blast Testing Solutionskistler.cdn.celum

  7. Acoustic Battlefield – Blast and Acoustic Measurement in Defense Applicationspcbpiezotronics

  8. An Overview of Methods for Blast Load Testing and Devices for Blast Pressure Measurementscispace

  9. Misalignment Effects Using Blast Pencil Probesffi

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        11.  BUYER’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. Buyer represents and warrants to MRP that: (a) Buyer is duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing in the jurisdiction of Buyer’s formation; (b) Buyer is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in every jurisdiction in which such qualification is required; (c) Buyer has the full right, power, and authority to enter into this Agreement and to perform Buyer’s obligations under this Agreement; (d) the execution of this Agreement by the person whose signature is set forth at the end hereof has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of Buyer; (e) when executed and delivered by each of MRP and Buyer, this Agreement will constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of Buyer, enforceable against Buyer in accordance with its terms; (f) Buyer is in compliance with all applicable laws relating to this Agreement, the Equipment and the operation of Buyer’s business; (g) Buyer is not insolvent and is paying all of its debts as they become due; and (h) all financial information that Buyer has provided to MRP is true and accurate and fairly represents Buyer’s financial condition.

        12. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS.

(a) Ownership. No sale shall be construed as granting to Buyer any license or other right in, or to, any of MRP’s (i) patents; (ii) trademarks; (iii) internet domain names, whether or not trademarks, registered by any authorized private registrar or governmental authority, web addresses, web pages, websites and URLs; (iv) works of authorship, expressions, designs and design registrations, whether or not copyrightable, including copyrights and copyrightable works, software and firmware, technical data, data files, and databases and other specifications and documentation; (v) trade secrets; (vi) environmental or other testing applicable to the Equipment and/or the Services; and (vii) industrial and other intellectual property rights, and all rights, interests, and protections that are associated with, equivalent or similar to, or required for the exercise of, any of the foregoing, however arising, in each case whether registered or unregistered and including all registrations and applications for, and renewals or extensions of, such rights or forms of protection pursuant to the laws of any jurisdiction throughout in any part of the world (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”).

(b) Prohibited Acts. Buyer shall not (i) take any action that might interfere with any of MRP’s rights in or to Intellectual Property Rights, including MRP’s ownership or exercise thereof; (ii) challenge any right, title, or interest of MRP in or to the Intellectual Property Rights; (iii) make any claim or take any action adverse to MRP’s ownership of the Intellectual Property Rights; (iv) register or apply for registrations, anywhere in the world, for MRP’s trademarks or any other trademark that is similar to MRP’s trademarks or that incorporates MRP’s trademarks in whole or in confusingly similar part; (v) use any mark, anywhere that is confusingly

similar to MRP’s trademarks in whole or in confusingly similar part; (vi) engage in any action that tends to disparage, dilute the value of or reflect negatively on the Equipment and/or the Services or any of MRP’s trademarks; (vii) misappropriate any of MRP’s trademarks for use as a domain name without prior written consent from MRP; or (viii) alter, obscure or remove any of MRP’s trademarks, or trademark or copyright notices or any other proprietary rights notices placed on the

Equipment, marketing materials or other materials that MRP may provide.

        13.  CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION. Without the prior written consent of MRP,Buyer, directly or indirectly, shall not disclose (and will direct its directors, shareholders, employees and agents not to disclose) any Confidential Information. The term “Confidential Information” means any information of or relating to MRP or the Equipment and/or the Services not generally known to the public (other than as a result of disclosure in violation of this Agreement) in spoken, printed, electronic or any other form or medium, including, but not limited to, business processes, practices, methods, policies, plans, publications, documents, research, operations, services, strategies, techniques, agreements, contracts, transactions, potential transactions, know-how, trade secrets, databases, manuals, records, supplier information, financial information, accounting information, legal information, marketing information, pricing information, payroll information, personnel information, and supplier lists.

        14.  NON-SOLICITATION. Buyer agrees not to solicit or hire any personnel of MRP involved with the delivery of the Services during the provision of such Services and for twelve (12) months after the completion of such Services; provided, however, that Buyer may hire individuals employed by MRP who, without other solicitation, respond to advertisements or solicitations aimed at the general public.

        15.  EQUITABLE REMEDIES. Buyer acknowledges and agrees that (a) a breach or threatened breach by Buyer of any of its obligations under Sections 13 or 14 would give rise to irreparable harm to MRP for which monetary damages would not be an adequate remedy and (b) in the event of a breach or a threatened breach by Buyer of any such obligations, MRP shall, in addition to any and all other rights and remedies that may be available to MRP at law, at equity, or otherwise in respect of such breach, be entitled to equitable relief, including a temporary restraining order, an injunction, specific performance, and any other relief that may be available from a court of competent jurisdiction, without any requirement to post a bond or other security, and without any requirement to prove actual damages or that monetary damages will not afford an adequate remedy. Buyer agrees that Buyer will not oppose or otherwise challenge the appropriateness of equitable relief or the entry by a court of competent jurisdiction of an order granting equitable relief, in either case, consistent with the terms of this Section 15.

        16.  INDEMNIFICATION. Buyer agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless MRP and its directors, shareholders, employees and agents (collectively, “MRP Indemnitees”) against any liability, damage, loss or expense incurred by or imposed in connection with any claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments arising out of (a) any breach or non-fulfillment of any representation, warranty or covenant set forth in this Agreement by Buyer or its directors, managers, employees or agents (collectively, “Buyer’s Agents”); (b) any negligent act or omission or willful misconduct of Buyer or Buyer’s Agents in connection with this Agreement; (c) any bodily injury, death of any person or damage to real or tangible personal property caused by Buyer or Buyer’s Agents, including the use of unauthorized parts in or service of the Equipment; (d) any failure by Buyer or Buyer’s Agents to comply with any applicable laws; (e) any fraud or other intentional acts by Buyer or Buyer’s Agents; and (f) the use or operation of the Equipment, including, without limitation, any medical and/or surgical procedures performed by Buyer, and any of Buyer’s Agents, using the Equipment unless said damages are determined by a court of competence jurisdiction to be solely by the gross negligence of MRP or solely as result of a breach by MRP of the limited warranties contained herein.

        17.  DEFAULTS; REMEDIES. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, should Buyer fail to pay for the order or any other amount, in whole or in part, when due or perform its other obligations under this Agreement or as otherwise mutually agreed in writing between Buyer and MRP (each, a “Default”), then MRP may take any and all actions available under law or equity to collect said amounts with a ten (10) day prior written notice, including, but not limited to, enforcing its security interest, accelerating the payment of and declaring immediately due and payable any unpaid balance of the order, referral to outside collection agencies and/or commencement of legal action. MRP’s rights shall be cumulative, and it shall not be required to have attempted to realize upon to the Equipment before taking any other collection actions. MRP may require that Buyer assemble and return any or all of the Equipment to MRP and, in the event Buyer fails to return such Equipment peaceably, enter upon the premises where such Equipment is located, with or without legal process, and repossess such Equipment. Upon a Default, Buyer agrees to pay upon MRP’s demand: (i) all costs and expenses incurred by MRP or its assignee in connection with the enforcement of any remedies, including all expenses incurred in connection with the return, sale, release or other disposition of the Equipment, including attorneys’ fees and other costs incurred by MRP or its assignee in enforcing or defending its rights and remedies under this Agreement and any other written agreement between Buyer and MRP.

        18.  COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS. Buyer shall (a) carry out the transactions contemplated by this sale and deal with the Equipment in conformity with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of all government authorities, including, without limitation, export laws, (b) obtain all permits and licenses required in connection with the purchase, shipment, installation or use of the Equipment, and (c) be solely responsible to fully understand and comply with laws, rules and regulations. Any information provided is as a convenience only.

        19.  FURTHER ASSURANCES. Upon MRP’s reasonable request, Buyer shall, at its sole cost and expense, execute and deliver all such further documents and instruments, and take all such further acts, necessary to give full effect to this Agreement.

        20.  ASSIGNMENT; SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. Buyer cannot delegate any duties nor assign any rights or claims under this Agreement without MRP’s prior written consent, and any such attempt or assignment shall be void. In the event that Buyer finances its acquisition of any Equipment with a third party, Buyer may direct MRP to transfer title of such Equipment to such third-party financing company, with all remaining terms and conditions of this Agreement remaining in full force and effect. This Agreement is binding on and inures to the benefit of the parties to this Agreement and their respective permitted successors and permitted assigns.

        21.  NO THIRD-PARTY BENEFICIARIES. Subject to Section 16, this Agreement benefits solely the parties to this Agreement and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, confers on any other person any legal or equitable right, benefit, or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement.

        22.  GOVERNING LAW; VENUE. The application of the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is expressly excluded. The parties agree that any and all claims, demands, disagreements, controversies or disputes arising out of or relating to this Agreement and any agreement or document delivered in connection herewith (collectively, “Claims”) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Utah and adjudicated exclusively in the state and federal courts located in or nearest to Summit County, Utah, which courts shall have the sole and exclusive jurisdiction and venue for adjudication of all Claims. The parties hereby agree upon, consent and stipulate to the jurisdiction and venue of the aforementioned courts for the adjudication of all Claims, to the exclusion of all other courts, forums and venues whatsoever.

        23.  NON-DISPARAGEMENT. Buyer shall not disparage MRP or MRP’s trademarks, websites, products or services, or display any such items in a derogatory or negative manner on any website or in any public forum or press release.

        24.  NOTICES. Any notice, demand, or communication required, permitted or desired to be given hereunder shall be deemed effectively given when personally delivered, when sent by electronic means, when received by overnight courier, or when mailed by prepaid, certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, addressed to the other party at its address set forth on the Quote or to such other address that the receiving party may designate from time to time in accordance with this Section 25.

        25.  PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENTS. Unless otherwise stated herein, neither party shall issue a press release or otherwise advertise, make a public statement or disclose to any third-party information pertaining to the relationship arising under this Agreement, the existence or terms of this Agreement, the underlying transactions between MRP and Buyer or agent for Buyer or refer to the other party in relation to this Agreement without the other party’s prior written approval.

        26.  ENTIRE AGREEMENT; ADDITIONAL OR INCONSISTENT TERMS. Subject to Section 32, this Agreement constitutes the sole and entire agreement between the parties hereto relating to the subject matter hereof, and any unincorporated representation, affirmation of fact, course of prior dealings, promise or condition in connection therewith, or usage of the trade, shall not be binding on either party. Terms and conditions set forth which differ from, conflict with or are not included in this Agreement shall not be part of any agreement between MRP and Buyer unless both parties specifically accept such terms and conditions in writing.

        27.  WAIVER. No waiver under this Agreement is effective unless it is in writing and signed by the party waiving its right. Any waiver authorized on one occasion is effective only in that instance and only for the purpose stated and does not operate as a waiver on any future occasion. None of the following constitutes a waiver or estoppel of any right, remedy, power, privilege or condition arising from this Agreement: any failure or delay in exercising any right, remedy, power or privilege or in enforcing any condition under this Agreement; or any act, omission or course of dealing between the parties.

        28.  SURVIVAL. Subject to the limitations and other provisions of this Agreement, the representations and warranties of Buyer contained herein shall survive the expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement for a period of twelve (12) months after such expiration o termination and (b) this Section 29 and Sections 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, and 32 of this Agreement, as well as any other provision that, in order to give proper effect to its intent, should survive such expiration or termination, shall survive the expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement. All other provisions of this Agreement shall not survive the expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement.

        29.  RELATIONSHIP OF PARTIES. Nothing in this Agreement creates any agency, joint venture, partnership or other form of joint enterprise, employment or fiduciary relationship between the parties. Neither party has any express or implied right or authority to assume or create any obligations on behalf of or in the name of the other party or to bind the other party to any contract, agreement or undertaking with any third party.

        30.  HEADINGS. The headings in this Agreement are for reference only and do not affect the interpretation of this Agreement.

        31.  ORDER OF PRECEDENCE. In the event of conflict between the Quote, a written agreement by MRP, and these Terms, the order of priority shall be: (1) the written

agreement by MRP, if only if executed by an MRP Officer, (2) the Quote and (3) these Terms, and only to the extent of the direct conflict. Notwithstanding the foregoing, MRP shall not be bound by, and specifically objects to, any terms, conditions or other provisions, both written and oral, which are different from, in addition to or inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement which are set forth in any purchase order, receipt, acceptance, confirmation, correspondence or otherwise of, or by, Buyer. Fulfillment of Buyer’s order shall not constitute acceptance of any of Buyer’s terms and conditions and does not serve to modify or amend the terms and conditions contained herein.

        32.  SEVERABILITY. If any part of this Agreement is held to be void, illegal or unenforceable, then it shall be deemed to be severed from this Agreement and the remaining provisions shall continue in full force and effect; provided, however, that if any fundamental term or provision of this Agreement is held to be void, illegal or unenforceable, the remainder of this Agreement shall be unenforceable. Upon a determination that any term or provision is void, illegal or unenforceable, the parties shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the greatest extent possible.